Different Types Of Interviews And Their Respective...

7. Describe the different types of interviews and their respective characteristics. What are the advantages and disadvantages? There are about five different types of interviews used in practice. They are telephone interview, video interview, in person interview, structural panel interview, and group interview. Telephone interview is usually a quick first-round interview with the function of screening. Through phone interview, interviewer can get a general understanding of candidates’ communication abilities, attitude towards the position and their professional knowledge. The advantages of phone interview are less limitation in geography and effectiveness of time and cost (Rick, 2011). Compared to in person interview, phone interview has†¦show more content†¦They may google the answer of specific questions, or even ask somebody else help them to do the interview. I remember the professor shared one strange thing that someone ask several different persons to help her do each round interview! Another major disadvantage is the lack of face expression and body language. Without seeing each other, interviewers cannot read interviewees’ face expression, then make it hard to tell their first reaction. For interviewers phone interview will cause a lot of information missing. Video interview, also used as a pre-screening tool, is become more and more popular with the widespread of the high- technology. Similar with phone interview, video interview has the advantages of no geography limitations and cost effective. But compared to phone interviews, the limitation of geography becomes lower—video interview can be conducted cross counties and nations. Thus it is more useful regarding international candidates. In terms of cost saving, video interview could help organizations save traveling cost as well as administrative cost (SHRM, 2015).Better than phone interview, video interview enables interviewers see the body language of candidates and their first reaction to every question as well. The drawbacks of this method may exist in the technology itself and the time difference with the candidates. Sometimes the unsteady signals will negatively impact the interview process and make interviewee feel nervous. For international

Leadership Styles And Staff Retention - 1156 Words

1.0 Title The working title of this research is initially drafted as – Leadership Styles and Staff Retention: How leadership styles affect staff retention? 2.0 Background of the Study Leadership is an incremental component that centers the existence, survival and functioning of any group or organisation. Indeed, the organisations recognise that their success is highly-dependent upon the quality and effectiveness of this dimension. There are two main functions that leaders are bounded to perform. The first is central on accomplishing the task towards the attainment of goals such as initiating actions, keeping members attention on the goal, clarifying issues, helping the group develop a procedural plan, evaluating the work done and making expert information available. The second is on developing member’s feelings to maintain the strength of the organisation. Leaders are expected to keep interpersonal relations, arbitrate excuse, provide encouragement, give chance to divert, stimulate self-direction and increase interdependence among organisational members. As such, staff retention falls under the umbrella of the second function. Staff retention is a challenge for contemporary organisations as the skills shorten worsens. Various retention strategies are in place including rewards and recognition program, training and development, flexible working arrangements and others. How people want to be managed and how people are being managed and the gap between contributes toShow MoreRelatedTransformational Leadership1196 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will describe transformational leadership and its effectiveness in nursing management. Transformational leadership is a newer leadership style that has just recently been implemented amongst managers and peers. Transformational leadership is effective when dealing with conflict. 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Danone in India free essay sample

India is today a huge part in the work of internationalization of the French group Danone. This subsidiary was established in two steps. Danone first established in 1989 a merger with an Indian group called Britannia, they were just participative. Then in 1993, they took the control of Britannia so it became a Danone subsidiary. At this time, it was said that this buying had required an investment of RS 150 cores. Danone becomes after this merger the number one in biscuit and water on the Indian market thanks to three principal brands: Aqua, Britannia and Tiger. The fact that these three brands were already well known and appreciate by the Indian consumers permit to Danone to win market parts very quickly. The macro environmental environment The Republic of India is a country that occupies the greater part of the Indian subcontinent. It has a coastline of over seven thousand kilometers (4349 miles). India is the seventh-largest country by geographical area and has one of the most diverse populations of wildlife, geographical terrain and climate systems. Indeed it is the second most populous country in the world with nearly 1. 1 billion people in 2005. It also is the worlds largest liberal democracy. India has 28 states and 7 territories, and recognizes 22 official languages spoken across its diverse regions. After decades of intensive efforts to combat the widespread poverty, illiteracy and poor living conditions across the country, Indias economy is today the fourth-largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) and the tenth-largest in nominal terms. Once reliant heavily on agriculture, Indias economy is one of the fastest-growing in the world, and the nation is familiar with modern businesses and high-technology industries. External analysis: PEST analysis Indian market is today still very difficult to penetrate and particularly for western firms. But the strategy of Danone which consists to penetrate the market thanks to mergers or buy- out allowed a more secure and efficient penetration. Danone is today the leader in biscuit and water thanks to the name of its three brands which were already established in India. So today the results in India are very good: India represents 20 % of the revenue of the Asian pacific area. Political analysis (see map p. 7) Population: 1. 1 billion Capital: New Delhi GNP: 620 $ per capita India has been a democracy since independence. The prime minister is the head of the government. The president is the head of the state. India has to major political parties which are the Bharatiya Janat Party and the Congress. It is today the National Congress party which is on the head of the state, the BJP lost power in 1999. Since independence, India has maintained cordial relationships with most nations. During the Cold War , India tried to maintain its neutrality and was one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement Recent overtures by the Indian government have strengthened relations with United States, China and Pakistan. In the economic sphere, India has close relationships with other developing nations of South America, Asia and Africa, especially Brazil and Mexico. In recent years, India has played an influential role in the ASEAN, SAARC and the WTO, and it is a signatory to the landmark South Asia Free Trade Agreement. India has been a long time supporter of the United Nations, with over 55,000 Indian military and police personnel. Economical analysis The economy of India is the fourth largest in the world as measured by purchasing power parity (PPP), with a GDP of US $3. 63 trillion. India was he second fastest growing major economy in the world, with a GDP growth rate of 8. 1% at the end of the first quarter of 2005–2006. The countrys economy is diverse and contains agriculture, handicrafts, industries and a lot of services. Services are the major source of economic growth in India today, though two-thirds of the Indian workers work directly or indirectly through agriculture. In recent ti mes, India has educated people who are fluent in English to become an important location for global companies outsourcing customer service and technical support call centers. It is also a major exporter of skilled workers in software services, financial services, and software engineering. India has adhered to a socialist-inspired approach for most of its independent history, with strict government control over private sector participation, foreign trade, and foreign direct investment. Since the early 1990s, India has gradually opened up its markets through economic reforms by reducing government controls on foreign trade and investment. Privatization of public-owned industries and opening up of certain sectors to private and foreign players has proceeded slowly amid political debate. The socio-economic problems India faces are a burgeoning population and lack of infrastructure, as well as growing inequality and unemployment. Poverty also remains a problem although it has seen a decrease of 10% since the 1980s. Economy of India Currency 1 Indian Rupee = 0. 02283 US dollar = 0. 01897 Euro Central bank Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Trade organisations and treaties SAFTA, ASEAN, WIPO and WTO Union budget $67. 3 billion (revenue) $104 billion (expenditure) Inflation rate (monthly)3. 53% (September Social analysis Geography India is the 7th biggest country in the world with a total of 3,287,590 km. Indias geography ranges from mountain ranges to deserts, plains, hills and plateaus, while its climate varies from tropical in the south to a more temperate climate in the north. Biggest cities are Bombay Calcutta, New Dehli, Madras, and Bangalore. Only 29% of the population lives in cities. People are concentrated all in the North and the South of the country. Indias total cultivable area is 1,269,219 km? (56. 78% of total land area), which is decreasing due to constant pressure from an ever growing population and increased urbanisation. Indias inland water resources comprising rivers, canals, ponds and lakes and marine resources comprising the east and west coasts of the Indian ocean and other gulfs and bays provide employment to nearly 6 million people in the fisheries sector. India is the sixth largest producer of fish in the world and second largest in inland fish production. Indias oil reserves, found in Bombay High off the coast of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and in eastern Assam meet 25% of the countrys demand. Population ( see map p. 7) India is the second-most populous country in the world with an estimated 1. 9 billion people in 2006. Almost 70% of its population resides in rural areas. Indias largest urban agglomerations are Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai and Bangalore. Efforts to eradicate illiteracy have little success since Indias independence with only 65. 1% of its population able to read or write. Although 80. 5% of the people are Hindus, India is also home to the third-largest Muslim population in the wo rld (13. 4%). Other religious groups include Christians (2. 3%), Sikhs (1. 84%), Buddhists (0. 76%), Jains (0. 40%), Jews, Zoroastrians and Bahais. 5] The number of mother tongues in India is estimated to be as high as 1,652. [6] Most of these languages are derived from two major linguistic families: Indo-Aryan (spoken by about 74% of the population) and Dravidian (spoken by about 24%). Hindi is Indias national language though English is used by the government for official purposes, and in higher education. An additional 21 languages are also given official status. 29% of the population lives below the poverty line. 86% of the population lives under $2 per day, 44% under $1 and 25% does not have enough money to eat normally. These conditions involve the drift away from the land. Religion Religious practices of various faiths are an integral part of everyday life in society. Education is highly regarded by members of every socio-economic stratum. Traditional Indian family values are highly respected, and considered sacred. Religion in India is a very public affair, with many practices imbued with pomp and vitality accompanying their underlying spiritual qualities. Technological analysis Transportation (see map p. 8) Transportation in India is a large and varied sector of the economy. Both rail and road transports remain important. Railways are the principal mode of transportation for both freight and passengers. The government is working on improving the transportation system because the demand is today very important. Only 63% of road are paved which slow down the communication between the different areas. There are 400 airports in India and international ports such as Chennai, Haildia, Calcutta†¦ Although there is a large private-sector involvement in transportation in India, the government plays a large regulatory and developmental role. The central government has ministries to handle civil aviation, railroads, and surface transportation. The sector must also adjust to foreign trade expansion, demographic pressures and increasing urbanization, technological change and obsolescence, energy availability, and environmental and public safety concerns. Energy India being one of the fastest growing economies in the world has a fast growing energy demand fueled by an ever increasing rate of industrialisation and urbanisation. Indias enormous potential for energy production and consumption has enhanced investment prospects in this field. Opportunities have widened rapidly with the opening up of this area to power developers globally. On the other hand there are related apprehensions being voiced by several NGOs relating to the inevitable increase of environmental problems including population displacements. Future expansion in energy sector would depend on the emergence of appropriate capital markets. This is true for new production capacity, both conventional and renewable, as well as measures directed at improving energy efficiency in various user sections and in the energy sector itself. India is still in the process of evolving a sustainable and equitable energy policy for itself. Political map of India: Population density map: National Highway network: Danone India Pvt Limited Formed in 1966 the Danone group has moved from the glass industry to the food industry, from the Lyon region to all five continents. At first French, then European, the Danone Group is now a household name worldwide in dairy products, cookies bottled water. The Group has more than 100 subsidiaries and brands worldwide. The company is ranked number one in the world in fresh dairy products and biscuits. The group ranks second worldwide in the production of bottled waters. It also manufactures other types of food product such as yogurt, fresh cheese and dairy desserts. In India, the Danone Group first had a 22% parts in Britannia Industries. Britannia was the market leader in the organized biscuit market in India. Britannias product portfolio consists of Bread, Biscuits, Milk Products like butter, cheese, milk-based drink and dairy whitener. Danone has nevertheless chosen to keep the name of Britannia in India in order to be the more integrated as they can. So the figures and the rest of the expose will mention the name of Britannia. Britannia is the market leader in the organized biscuit and bakery product market in India. Biscuits contribute to more than 80% of Britannias total turnover. Other products include bread and cakes. Britannia diversified into dairy products in 1997 with processed cheese and dairy whitener. The portfolio was expanded with the launch of butter, pure, flavoured milk and UHT milk. In the biscuit market, manufacturing was reserved for small scale up to 1997, which put large players at a disadvantage. In the organized sector, Britannia and Parle are the only national players with dominant market shares. Britannia has maintained market leadership with a 40% volume share and 48% value market share in the organized sector. Britannia has been aggressive in new launches and marketing during the last 2 years anticipating the competition. It has also recently acquired Kwality Biscuits, gaining a strong foothold in the southern market. Bread is one of the most widely consumed processed foods in the country. The industry is dominated by a large number of players in the unorganized sector, which accounts for over 80% of the market. India has emerged as the largest milk producing country in the world manufacturing. Britannia’s dairy business has been growing at a fast pace on the low base. Volume growth was 50% and value growth was 47%. Market entry Danone has progressively entered the Indian food market. So in 1989 Danone established a venture with the Indian firm Britannia. This strategy of penetration takes an important place in the Danone’s international strategy. This strategy first permit to the group to enter the market easily even if the market is very competitive. Thanks to the firm it mergered, Danone can win very easily the market shares which belongs to the former firm. In India Danone, thanks to Britannia, won in 1993 when the group finally re buys Britannia the market share it had won. Danone has chosen to keep the name of the brand Britannia because this brand is well known in India. A change could have been a lost of all the market shares Britannia won several years ago. Finally in 2005, Danone and Japan’s Yakult Honsha Co. nnounced plans for a joint venture in India. Held equally by the two partners, the new company, to be called Yakult Danone India Private Limited, will be developing the Indian market for probiotics. India has enormous potential, with a fast-growing population of one billion and a long tradition in dairy products. Yakult Danone India has initially market Yakult brand products, beginning at the end of 2005, and Danone probiotics products and brands have been added late. Production For products, Danone is developing the products exclusively for Indian market in an R and D centre located in India. More precisely they use the centres of Britannia. Danone through Britannia but also Tiger (biscuit) and Aqua (water) is today the leader on the water and biscuit market. The water sells under the Aqua Brand is import from Europe. But because of the good development of agriculture in India the biscuit are made in India. The production of the biscuit in India permits to make more profits first because costs are lower in India than in Europe for example and then because it avoids all the transportation problems. Indeed the legislation concerning food is very strict all around the world. The challenge of Danone in India is not to stay at the level Britannia has reach since its creation but to become more and more innovative in doing a lot of market research for Indian consumers. For production process Danone is trying to localise. Britannias plants are located in the 4 major metro cities: Kolkatta, Mumbai, Delhi and Chennai. A large part of products are also outsourced from third party producers. Dairy products are out sourced from three producers Dynamix Dairy based in Baramati, Maharashtra, Modern Dairy at Karnal in Haryana) and Thacker Dairy Products at Howrah in West Bengal. So because it exists taxes between the different provinces in India, Danone is reducing tax expenses. Local empowerment The local management of Britannia has a lot of autonomy and independence. Danone’s European managers are only called when there is a problem, they are not living in India, just travelling. Britannias managers are constantly on the move, given this breadth and depth of its business and the geographic spread. The biggest challenge that the company faces then is of regulating and managing travel arrangements. This autonomy has made the employees more motivated. Danone continues to upgrade the information technology systems to support the growth in operations and growing needs of the changing market place. They are putting in place comprehensive Enterprise Resource Planning system to cover all facets of the operations. Distribution Britannia as said before is located in four cities in India. Each branch is independent and has its own system of accounting, marketing†¦ Like a lot of food products Britannia’s products are soled in big outlets such as supermarkets, hypermarkets†¦Danone had the will when owning Britannia not to change the distribution system in order not to loose the costumers. Promotion Promotion is a key element in the strategy of Danone in India. Next year, Britannia and Walt Disney joined in order to propose a contest for all the Indian children. Britannia Industries obtains good results from its joint initiative seen in the Jetix ‘Power Your Rangers’ contest. The company stated in an official communique that the contest had drawn participation in excess of 5. 23 million kids across India and Britannia had recorded a 49 per cent increase in sales of its brand, Britannia Treat. Richa Arora, General Manager-Head marketing and Innovation, Britannia Industries Ltd, said, â€Å"The bottom line on the promotion is that it increased sales by 49 per cent. What’s equally important is that the promotion worked well as a package – from very innovative premia to the actual contest to the on ground activation. † Also, a TV show, Power Your Rangers, was recreated as a mobile game for cell phone users. The mobile game was available to 16 million India Mobile subscribers. Britannia also reached out to over 1. 5 million kids in Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore through mobile van and school activities,† the communique added. So the director of communication of Briatannia has developed a communication strategy that can be explain like this: He believed that the sponsorship message would have to be concentrated by packaging multi-dimensional interactive rights. The association between the sponsor and the event had to be for a long duration. Media and rights owners needed to act more collectively, not in isolation.

Transformational Leadership Style Mr. Mohammed Kadorra

Introduction Organizational leadership has been a burning issue for many decades. There are many definitions for this concept. For instance, Sadeghi and Pihie (2012, p. 187) focus on the leader’s ability to direct human resources â€Å"toward the strategic objectives of the organization†.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Transformational Leadership Style: Mr. Mohammed Kadorra specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Obiwuru et al. (2011) stress that the most important is the leader’s ability to inspire those led. Many researchers claim that leadership is closely connected with such concepts as performance, loyalty, effectiveness, etc. Therefore, it is possible to note that the leader has to complete a number of tasks within an organization. First, the leader is the one who has the vision and understands the company’s goals. The leader also knows how to achieve the goals. However, it is not enough to develop a thorough plan to reach the company’s goals. It is essential to understand which employee can complete certain tasks. The leader is the person who assigns people to fulfil this or that task. Admittedly, the leader should do this wisely. Finally, the leader should make employees believe they can achieve the company’s goals together. Inspirational leader will encourage the employees to become effective members of the team. Researchers identify a number of leadership styles. Transformational style is regarded as one of the most effective. This leadership style often results in loyalty and high performance of the employees. Transformational leaders take into account lots of details.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The transformational leader instructs, guides and inspires his/her subordinates. The transformational leader is often a person who knows his/her job perfectly well. This kind of leader has authority and people tend to listen to his/her advice. The transformational leader is often empathetic and listens to his employees and, what is more important, hears them. In other words, the transformational leader is the person who has an exceptional and rather inspirational personality. Literature Review The transformational leadership has been studied for many years. Many researchers agree that this is the most effective type of leadership. Though, there are those who believe that transformational style is not that effective and there are more efficient leadership styles. Atkinson and Pilgreen (2011) are among those who favour transformational leadership style. The researchers note that this type of leadership style can be employed in a variety of settings. They also note that transformational leadership positively effects employees’ performance and the company’s overall performance. Notably, Atk inson and Pilgreen (2011) focus on the field of research and they claim that this type of leadership is beneficial for research administrators. Omar and Hussin (2013) focus on academic settings and the researchers have found that transformational leadership positively effects employees’ performance and job satisfaction. Omar and Hussin (2013) claim that there is a strong correlation between transformational leadership and job satisfaction, performance and employees’ loyalty. Sadeghi and Pihie (2012) also stress that transformational leadership favourably affects performance of academic departments.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Transformational Leadership Style: Mr. Mohammed Kadorra specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Molero et al. (2007) focus on business environment. The researchers compare transformational leadership and traditional types of leadership. They claim that transformational l eadership positively affects employees’ performance and Shibru and Darshan (2011) emphasise that transformational leadership is crucial for subordinate satisfaction in the business environment. Nonetheless, some researchers argue that effectiveness of transformational leadership is often overestimated. Thus, Almansour (2012) claims that transformational leadership can be effective for completing some routine tasks. However, it is inefficient when it comes to responsiveness to a variety of situations. Obiwuru et al. (2011) compare transactional and transformational leadership styles. The researchers argue that transactional leadership is much more effective for employees’ performance. Though, it is necessary to note that the researchers focused on small enterprises. The Information The Choice of the Interviewee Irrespective of some negative views on transformational leadership, this type of leadership is the most effective as it results in employees’ job satisfac tion, loyalty and high performance. Remarkably, leaders often combine different leadership styles. However, there are people who resort to one leadership style. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra is one of such leaders. It is possible to state that he is an embodiment of transformational leadership style.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mr. Mohammed Kadorra ‘s life is quite remarkable. He lost his family in the war and he devoted his life to helping other people. He did not have the necessary education but he managed to become a successful nurse. He started his career as a Nurse Assistant and he knows the health care system well. His leadership qualities enabled him to move up the ladder quite fast. At present, he is the vice president of Al Zahra Group. He understands the organization’s mission and vision. He also always knows what to do in different situations. He has helped many people and he helps the company accomplish its mission. Employees are ready to follow this inspirational leader as they trust and respect him. To understand peculiarities of Mr. Mohammed Kadorra’s leadership style, it is possible to analyse the interview held with this person. Information about the Interview First of all, it is necessary to note that Mr. Mohammed Kadorra is a very punctual person. He is also a very go od interlocutor. He listens attentively and eagerly answers the questions. He is also precise. He does not waste words. He believes that the leader is the person who is able to lead and help people to achieve certain goals. One of the most important questions asked was how Mr. Mohammed Kadorra works with his subordinates. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra pays a lot of attention to setting goals. He understands that if a goal is set properly (i.e. clearly), it will be fulfilled. He adds that the goals should be achievable and it is important to be patient as some processes need a lot of time. Moreover, Mr. Mohammed Kadorra points out that each employee should obtain tasks which are achievable for him/her. He has witnessed a lot of different situations when employees were given too difficult tasks and failed to carry them out. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra stresses that this is an unacceptable situation. It does not mean that the employee does not have the necessary qualification, but it means that the ma nager failed to distribute tasks properly. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra states that he has tried to teach mangers to evaluate each task given to an employee. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra also stresses that communication is vital for effective performance. Thus, he notes that the leader should understand how to communicate this or that message. He argues that the leader should not only guide but the leader should inspire those led. At that, Mr. Mohammed Kadorra emphasizes that communication should have two vectors, i.e. the leader is not the only generator of messages. According to Mr. Mohammed Kadorra, effective leader always listens to the employees. More so, the leader encourages employees to generate ideas and articulate them. Thus, Mr. Mohammed Kadorra always tries to listen to different viewpoints and takes into account all possible details before he comes to a conclusion. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra also has a very interesting view on appraisal. He states that the leader should not be only inspiring . The leader should evaluate employees’ performance and praise the most effective subordinates. He understands that monetary rewards are very effective, but there are lots of other different ways to praise subordinates. Mr. Mohammed Kadorra states that some leaders do not understand that even a few words can be regarded as appraisal and can inspire an employee to work and achieve new goals. Conclusion On balance, it is possible to note that Mr. Mohammed Kadorra is an exemplary transformational leader. He guides his subordinates, but he exploits democratic ways. Thus, he always listens to different viewpoints. He understands the importance of transparent and effective communication. This leader is ready to help his subordinates and praise high performance. He is also empathetic. Besides, this inspirational leader has quite an exceptional life as he had lots of sorrows and managed to help many people in extreme situations. All this makes Mr. Mohammed Kadorra an effective leader who is capable of leading his subordinates. I believe transformational leadership is beneficial for a company as this kind of leader has the vision and can inspire each employee to work hard to achieve the goal. It is essential in the contemporary competitive business environment. At present, many companies can provide employees with high salaries, but only a few have inspirational leaders who can create effective teams of high-profile professionals who are committed to achieve the goals within short time limit. Such companies become more successful. Reference List Almansour, Y.M. (2012). The relationship between leadership styles and motivation of managers’ conceptual framework. Journal of Arts, Science and Commerce, 3(1), 161-166. Atkinson, T.N. Pilgreen, T. (2011). Adopting the transformational leadership perspective in a complex research environment. Research Management Review, 18(1), 1-23. Molero, F., Cuadrado, I., Navas, M. Morales, J.F. (2007). Relations and effects of transformational leadership: A comparative analysis with traditional leadership styles. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10(2), 358-368. Obiwuru, T.C., Okwu, A.T., Akpa, V.O. Nwankwere, I.A. (2011). Effects of leadership style on organizational performance: A survey of selected small scale enterprises in Ikosi-Ketu council development area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 1(7), 100-111. Omar, W.A.W. Hussin, F. (2013). Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction relationship: A study of structural equation modelling (SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(2), 346-365. Sadeghi, A. Pihie, Z.A.L. (2012). Transformational leadership and its predictive effects on leadership effectiveness. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(7), 186-197. Shibru, B. Darshan, G.M. (2011). Transformational leadership and its relationship with subordinate satisfaction with the l eader. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(5), 686-697. This research paper on Transformational Leadership Style: Mr. Mohammed Kadorra was written and submitted by user Kimberly Kent to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Analyzing The Twilight Movie And Book English Literature Essay Essays

Analyzing The Twilight Movie And Book English Literature Essay Essays Analyzing The Twilight Movie And Book English Literature Essay Paper Analyzing The Twilight Movie And Book English Literature Essay Paper For case, Edward was dazing to Bella. In the Twilight book, Edward repeatedly smiled a crooked smiling. Every clip he did so, Bella merely could nt defy holding or loving him. Dazzling makes the book truly interesting. Why? In the first 3 books, Edward dazzles Bella, but in Breaking Dawn, Bella dazzles Edward. One of Bella s idolized friends in Twilight the novel is Jessica. She is a sweet, guiltless miss who sticks by Bella s side through it all. Well, every bit much as she can. Jessica can besides give off the I m excessively cool for you experiencing. Therefore, this is certainly the ground why the film assorted Jessica and Lauren s characters together. In the film, Jessica and Lauren s character s are assorted together to do one ; Jessica. Apparently, Summit Entertainment could merely afford to hold one cattie character. It truly matters to the narrative to hold both characters. The difference between characters is highly interesting. The diverseness between Lauren and Jessica s character s is really of import. The film needs to cognize the difference between them. Jessica is much kinder and more loving, and Lauren is wholly ill-mannered and covetous. Lauren directs Jessica s ideas ; she overpowers her. Having both characters sets a good contrast. Everyone knows that James tries to kill Bella. But does everyone cognize that James is really the alpha of the Nomad kin? Laurent puts on a great show seeking to look like he s alpha. What does this prove, though? That he wants to be alpha ? No 1, truly knows why, but possibly he feels power when he pretends. In the film, Laurent does feign to be alpha, but the lone existent intimation we get is when Laurent tells Carlisle that James is, lethal. Another line from Laurent s film character is, James let s non play with our nutrient, ( Twilight, Laurent ) demoing that James will listen to Laurent. Normally the strongest and smartest is leader. James is a tracker, so he can happen person by their aroma, and that s his power. Laurent s power is fundamentally merely his playing and pretense. He pretends to be Bella s friend, and turns out, he wants to eat her himself, alternatively of salvage her for Victoria. Laurent shows he has the possible to be a future kin leader, but can he truly be? Reading the book will do things easier for one piece watching the film. Thingss will do more sense. Bella s character non merely changes as she grows, but when she changes from novel to film. In the book, Bella describes herself to be a lone wolf and hard to associate to other people of her sort ( human ) and doing friends. Bella easy attracts danger and awkwardness Bella s strength of will is perceptibly different. In the novel, Bella is smarter ; she knows when to asseverate herself. In the film, she is merely wholly obsessed with him. Bella is a pushover in the film, every bit good. Edward is supposed to implore Bella to allow him drive the truck. In the movie, she merely lets him! In the film Bella is so level, it s non that Bella s character is unemotional, she s merely a reserved individual, so she truly does care about what her friends say and do, shes merely diffident, and ever feels like shes on the border of the group. In the film she has no emotional response to them at all ; she could care less about them. The scene where Edward saves Bella from the rockerss is another illustration where Bella can differ with Edward. He tries to acquire her to remain for dinner, but Bella says that she can non. In the movie, she merely immediately agrees to remain. Stagily, Bella s character is antisocial, in that the lone individual that she will hold an on-going conversation with is Edward, or about Edward. Even her conversations with Edward are merely about his stateliness and the barbarous state of affairs that they find themselves in, because he is a lamia . Twilight as a novel was really romantic and cute. The temper is mixed in the narrative. There are points in the narrative where it s glooming, happy, romantic, amusive and other things all at one time. The haste of the narrative is tickle pinking. A state of affairs that makes one say, Aw in Twilight is when Edward states, Before you, Bella, my life was like a moonless dark. Very dark, but there were stars- points of visible radiation and ground And so you shot across my sky like a meteor. Suddenly everything was on fire ; there was luster, there was beauty. When you were gone, when the meteor had fallen over the skyline, everything went black. Nothing had changed, but my eyes were blinded by the visible radiation. I could nt see the stars any longer. And there was no more ground for anything. ( Meyer, 514, New Moon ) Edward says small things like these in the book, but why ca nt he state long, beautiful soliloquies in the film? The declared quotation mark can do one feel happy a nd astonishing interior, merely by reading one paragraph of a novel. The emotions you have while reading a fresh sets your love or hatred for the book. The movie, on the other manus, gives off a different temper. While watching the film, one can acquire the feeling of hatred, by irritation of a character ; the movie in general can do one unhappy. Another feeling that is given off is enigma. Is Edward a lamia or merely a quiet male child? The feeling of enigma has you sitting on the border of your place inquiring what s traveling to go on following if this is 1s first clip observation. All together, the movie and the film are really different in many ways. Sometimes the film is better than the book, sometimes it is frailty versa. Every book will ever hold more item in it ; most times the novel is published foremost, doing it the chief plot line, so no affair what, the book will ever be more interesting.

Battle of Fort McHenry in the War of 1812

Battle of Fort McHenry in the War of 1812 The Battle of Fort McHenry was fought September 13/14, 1814, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). Part of the larger Battle of Baltimore, the Battle of Fort McHenry saw the forts garrison defeat a British fleet that had been advancing on the city. As the British had recently captured and burned Washington, DC, the victory proved critical in halting their advance in the Chesapeake. Coupled with successes elsewhere, the victory strengthened the hand of American negotiators at the Ghent peace talks. Francis Scott Key saw the fighting from a British ship where he was held prisoner and was inspired to write the Star-Spangled Banner based on what he had witnessed. Into the Chesapeake Having defeated Napoleon in early 1814 and removed the French emperor from power, the British were able to turn their full attention to the war with the United States. A secondary conflict while the wars with France were ongoing, they now commenced sending additional troops west in an effort to achieve a swift victory. While Lieutenant General Sir George Prevost, the governor-general of Canada and commander of British forces in North America, commenced a series of campaigns from the north, he ordered Vice Admiral Alexander Cochrane, the commander of the Royal Navys ships on the North American Station, to make attacks against the American coast. Though Cochranes second-in-command, Rear Admiral George Cockburn, had been raiding up and down the Chesapeake Bay for some time, additional forces were en route. Arriving in August, Cochranes reinforcements included a force of around 5,000 men commanded by Major General Robert Ross. Many of these soldiers were veterans of the Napoleonic Wars and had served under the Duke of Wellington. On August 15, the transports carrying Ross command entered the Chesapeake and sailed up the bay to join with Cochrane and Cockburn. Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane. Public Domain Reviewing their options, the three men elected to mount an attack on Washington DC. The combined fleet then moved up the bay and quickly trapped Commodore Joshua Barneys gunboat flotilla in the Patuxent River. Pushing up the river, they destroyed Barneys force and put Rosss 3,400 men and 700 marines ashore on August 19. In Washington, President James Madisons administration worked fruitlessly to deal with the threat. Not thinking that the capital would be a target, little work had been done in regard to constructing defenses. Overseeing the troops around Washington was Brigadier General William Winder, a political appointee from Baltimore who had been captured at the Battle of Stoney Creek in June 1813. Since the majority of the US Armys regulars were occupied on the Canadian frontier, Winder s force was largely made up of militia. Burning Washington Marching from Benedict to Upper Marlborough, the British decided to approach Washington from the northeast and cross the East Branch of the Potomac at Bladensburg. On August 24, Ross engaged an American force under Winder at the Battle of Bladensburg. Achieving a decisive victory, later dubbed the Bladensburg Races due to the nature of the American retreat, his men occupied Washington that evening. Taking possession of the city, they burned the Capitol, Presidents House, and Treasury Building before encamping. Additional destruction ensued the next day before they departed to rejoin the fleet.  Following their successful campaign against Washington DC, Cochrane and Ross advanced up the Chesapeake Bay to attack Baltimore, MD. British forces burning Washington, DC, 1814. Public Domain A vital port city, Baltimore was believed by the British to be the base of many of the American privateers that were preying on their shipping. To take the city, Ross and Cochrane planned a two-prong attack with the former landing at North Point and advancing overland, while the latter attacked Fort McHenry and the harbor defenses by water. Fighting at North Point On September 12, 1814, Ross landed with 4,500 men on the tip of North Point and began advancing northwest towards Baltimore. His men soon encountered American forces under Brigadier General John Stricker. Dispatched by Major General Samuel Smith, Stricker was under orders to delay the British while the fortifications around the city were completed. In the resulting Battle of North Point, Ross was killed and his command took heavy losses. With Ross death, command devolved to Colonel Arthur Brooke who elected to remain on the field through a rainy night while Strickers men withdraw back to the city. Battle of North Point. Photograph Courtesy of the US Army Fast Facts: Battle of Fort McHenry Conflict: War of 1812 (1812-1815)Dates: September 13/14, 1814Armies Commanders:United StatesMajor General Samuel SmithMajor George Armistead1,000 men (at Fort McHenry), 20 gunsBritishVice Admiral Sir Alexander CochraneColonel Arthur Brooke19 ships5,000 menCasualties:United States: 4 killed and 24 woundedGreat Britain: 330 killed, wounded, and captured The American Defenses While Brookes men suffered in the rain, Cochrane began moving his fleet up the Patapsco River toward the citys harbor defenses. These were anchored on the star-shaped Fort McHenry. Situated on Locust Point, the fort guarded the approaches to the Northwest Branch of the Patapsco which led to the city as well as the Middle Branch of the river. Fort McHenry was supported across the Northwest Branch by a battery at Lazaretto and by Forts Covington and Babcock to the west on the Middle Branch. At Fort McHenry, the garrison commander, Major George Armistead possessed a composite force of around 1,000 men. Bombs Bursting in Air Early on September 13, Brooke began advancing towards the city along the Philadelphia Road. In the Patapsco, Cochrane was hampered by shallow waters which precluded sending forward his heaviest ships. As a result, his attack force consisted of five bomb ketches, 10 smaller warships, and the rocket vessel HMS Erebus. By 6:30 AM they were in position and opened fire on Fort McHenry. Remaining out of range of Armisteads guns, the British ships struck the fort with heavy mortar shells (bombs) and Congreve rockets from Erebus. Advancing ashore, Brooke, who believed they had defeated citys defenders the day before, was stunned when his men found 12,000 Americans behind substantial earthworks east of the city. Under orders not to attack unless with a high chance of success, he began probing Smiths lines but was unable to find a weakness. As a result, he was forced to hold his position and await the outcome of Cochranes assault on the harbor. Early in the afternoon, Rear Admiral George Cockburn, thinking the fort had been badly damaged, moved the bombardment force closer increase the effectiveness of their fire. Defense of Fort McHenry, 1814. Public Domain As the ships closed, they came under intense fire from Armisteads guns and were compelled to draw back to their original positions. In effort to break the stalemate, the British attempted to move around the fort after dark. Embarking 1,200 men in small boats, they rowed up the Middle Branch. Mistakenly thinking they were safe, this assault force fired signal rockets which gave away their position. As a result, they quickly came under an intense crossfire from Forts Covington and Babcock. Taking heavy losses, the British withdrew. The Flag Was Still There By dawn, with the rain subsiding, the British had fired between 1,500 and 1,800 rounds at the fort with little impact. The greatest moment of danger had come when a shell struck the forts unprotected magazine but had failed to explode. Realizing the potential for disaster, Armistead had the forts gunpowder supply distributed to safer locations. As the sun began to rise, he ordered the forts small storm flag lowered and replaced with the standard garrison flag measuring 42 feet by 30 feet. Sewn by local seamstress Mary Pickersgill, the flag was clearly visible to all of the ships in the river. The sight of the flag and the ineffectiveness of the 25-hour bombardment convinced Cochrane that the harbor could not be breached. Ashore, Brooke, with no support from the navy, decided against a costly attempt on the American lines and began retreating towards North Point where his troops re-embarked. Aftermath The attack on Fort McHenry cost Armisteads garrison 4 killed and 24 wounded. British losses were around 330 killed, wounded, and captured, most of which occurred during the ill-fated attempt to move up the Middle Branch. The successful defense of Baltimore coupled with victory at the Battle of Plattsburgh aided in restoring American pride after the burning of Washington DC and bolstered the nations bargaining position at the Ghent peace talks. Francis Scott Key, circa 1825. Public Domain - Walters Art Museum The battle is best remembered for inspiring Francis Scott Key to write The Star-Spangled Banner. Detained aboard the ship Minden, Key had gone to meet with the British to secure the release of Dr. William Beanes who had been arrested during the attack on Washington. Having overhead the British attack plans, Key was forced to remain with the fleet for the duration of the battle. Moved to write during the forts heroic defense, he composed the words to an old drinking song entitled To Anacreon in Heaven. Initially published after the battle as the Defense of Fort McHenry, it eventually became known as the Star-Spangled Banner and was made the National Anthem of the United States.

202#3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

202#3 - Assignment Example However, those confirmed guilty though to them being a difficult situation, I think ought to serve own respective sentences. Alternatively, if the sentences were lighter compared to what they are serving the respective authorities can review them to mention the appropriate sentences. Yes. I believe this is because many who find themselves in situations of this calibre do not exactly expound their actions similar to a reasonable person. However, legal systems due to their overreliance to psychiatrists’ reports, which may not reflect exact state of the involved party, end up convicted them unfairly (â€Å"Psyche Truth†) Since what most of them undergo is much and end up unmentioned or altogether disregarded by those supposed to help them lodge their cases. This is due to relying to psychiatrists who may err in undertaking their roles despite the legal system having numerous statutes claimed to protect each person based on his or her one is experiencing especially the ill patients who might have involved themselves in any

Millennium Development Goals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Millennium Development Goals - Assignment Example Rwanda is evidence that girl child is possible in every part of the globe, and the use of technology even in the remotest of villages help make education more interactive and practical (Prior & Rubinstein, 2014). Though the MDGs focus on equality of both gender in all sphere of life, education ensures the best platform while it is free and accessible (Prior & Rubinstein, 2014). The battle against poverty is continuing but have fallen short of the MDGs target to get rid of extreme hunger by 2015. There are countries that the report increased cases of malnutrition and death as a result of lack for food and other necessities. Moreover, cases of mothers and child death have been increasing, and women continue to suffer due to gender violence (NBCNEWS, 2013). According to the U.N secretary general the challenges of poverty can be addressed, but only if people agree to the plan of action on how to meet the phenomena poverty, disease and ignorance (NBCNEWS, 2013). NBCNEWS reports that what is important for now is agreeing on an action agenda because the resources and manpower are available (NBCNEWS, 2013). NBCNEWS. (2013). Battle against extreme hunger is falling short. Retrieved from nbcnews.com:

Hume’s critique of rational causation Essay Example for Free

Hume’s critique of rational causation Essay If you look out over the world, everything is held together by something philosophers have called Causation. The rain falls and feed the streams, rivers, and oceans that then evaporate back up into the atmosphere where it gathers in clouds waiting to come back down as rain. When it rains, trees grow, turn carbon dioxide into oxygen, and other living things thrive. The circle of life is but a chain of causes and effects, and Causation is the common sense idea that one thing or event causes another. The idea of causation can be rationally expressed in the following relation: If X, then Y. So, for example, I am used to the light coming on after I flip the switch. In this case, my flipping the switch causes the light to go on. But what if I flip the switch and the light does not come on? I may deduce that this is because the light has burned out. This is because, in my experience, whenever the light does not come on it is because the light has burned out. This is what Hume calls associationism; that is, the tendency that we have, as humans, to link up to things that we normally experience together or in sequence. The difference between rationalist causation and Hume’s associationism is that causation is meant to establish a relation of certainty between the cause and its effect, whereas the latter says that all we can know is that one is a correlate of the other – that is, that in the past X and Y came together in a sequence, but this in and of itself is n guarantee that this will be the case in the future. If Hume is right, then we have no way to know what the future will bring, and cannot make any predictions that might carry the weight of certainty. Hume critique of rational causation is based on his distinction between two kinds of objects of knowledge corresponding to two different and separate bodies of knowledge. He theorizes that there is knowledge that express the relation between ideas, and that this is different from knowledge that has to do with matter of fact things about the world. The relationship between there two epistemological realms is not necessary: that is, we can have certain mathematical knowledge about perfect circles, but this has little to do with human experience. Similarly, the rational idea of cause and effect (if X, then Y) expresses a logical relation, but it is a categorical mistake to assert that this principle can be used to gain or secure knowledge about the world. So, Hume argues that although we perceive one event following another, we can never be certain of it. We cannot say, of things in the world we perceive and experience, that one thing caused another in part because we cannot see (perceive) causation (because it is an idea, or a logical relation). What we perceive is one thing of event that we come to associate (through force of habit) with the other. So, for example, to take Hume’s example: you see a cue hit a ball, and the ball takes off across the pool table and goes into a pocket. Where is causation? If you cannot perceive it, then how do you know about it. (Hume assumes, along with the other Modern British Empiricists that there are no innate ideas and all human knowledge is based on human experience). Hume’s critique of causation is both simple and devastating to the sciences, where causation is the basis for both inductive and deductive logic. Not only can we not predict the future with certainty, but we cannot know causes by their effects (or the past from the present). This took the wind out of arguments for the existence of God that said that given that nature displays a certain order and beauty, that there much be some entity who made or organized nature, and this is what we call God, whom we know only indirectly through his creations (ourselves included). In one fell swoop, Hume took the ground out from under both Science and Religion. But Hume meant to give humans not cause for despair, but cause for hope. We may not know the world through the machinations of reason, but this should not lead us to assert that we do not know is any sense at all. In fact we do and must make all sorts of judgments about the world – it is just that our judgments are not based on certainty or reason. The explanation lies not with the world, but with human nature and human psychology. We would be judged mad if we repeatedly put our hand on the stove just because our past experience cannot with certainty predict the future. What does happen has to do with the way that we experience the world as repeating certain consistent patterns (even if we cannot prove it is so, it is still our experience), and through sheer repetition, we learn how to behave in the world inn such a way as to not put ourselves in dangerous position, and to put ourselves in good positions. Hume’s explanation is better that causation, liberating, because it leaves the future open to possibility – the future is in not wholly determined by the past. So, to take a trivial example: Hume talks about how â€Å"we† might be used to associating flees with dogs because, in our experience, these two things always arrive together. But today, now that most dogs and other pets wear flea protection, we do not necessarily associate dogs with flees (but perhaps only with irresponsible pet owners). This last example shows how from our experience in the world, we form expectations, but these expectations are open ended, changeable, and can be either fulfilled or disappointed. In this same way, on the basis of our past and where we come from , we as human form expectations about our future possibilities, but there is nothing at all to say that these expectations will or will not be fulfilled, or changed. Our expectations, buttressed through habit, may be the basis about out beliefs about ourselves and the world. In this sense of the world, belief is not an innate feeling or knowledge of some otherworldly entity, but it is defined as a being sensitive and attuned to our experiences in the world. Because if we are not, then we form bad habits, false expectations, and an inability to make sense of our very own lives. It should be no surprise, then, the Hume did not believe in God – the postulated original cause for all of existence. No causes in the world, no causes of the world – at least that we can know. There is just the world there, and us experiencing it.

The Impact of Technology on Business Essay -- Technological Business e

The Impact of Technology on Business The word business, trade, exchange of commodities are all synonyms. In the early age of civilization business was carried out on the basis of Bata trade as currency came into existence and there were business set Ups our perception started to change towards business but more so since the last 50 yrs with the advent of the information technology the world has turned around. With the establishment of the Internet business has got globalize Businesses are now able to approach overseas market they are no more confined to their areas of their establishment. Business today is inextricably intertwined with technology, from the smallest home office, to a multinational corporation with multiple monolithic legacy application. It is impossible to be in business today without confronting the issues of technology. The way we do business today is different than 30 years ago. Technology has evolved around the areas of telecommunication, travel, stock market, shipping even around our daily lives. E-commerce a system by which people can buy, sell and deal without even seeing the person on the other side has taken a front seat in improving the economy of countries around the world. Technology today has made it possible for monetary institutions to help locate the customers resources and help solve their problems at any given time through online banking. The Internet, a boon to all business, is playing a part of a catalyst; it links millions of customers to its suppliers and vice versa due to this, manufactures are able to cut the role of middlemen a nd are able to deal with the customers, giving them the ability for direct input from the customers about their choices and views of their product. The busi... ...tune magazine on May 2000. In one of the interviews with Kurt Kammerer, the writer Justin Fox contends, "The core of his business is software that uses intelligent agents to arrange business transaction online"(Fortune, 2001) business is also changing the traditional way of doing things,there are virtual markets like(http://www.ebay.com)where by which people are buying and selling products Today there are no limitations to what technology can do to change the way we do Business. From online malls like(http://www.mall.com) to sites likeE-Bay technology has changed the way we do business. What we can conceive we can achieve. What is coming up next might impact our ways of doing business but the major impact, the major changes have began and what will lead now will be enhancing those changes. We have discussed many ways that technology has impacted our businesses.

Developmental Autobiography

Even before a child was brought in the outside world, there are things which he can already do on his own. But of course, the full functionality of such motions is stabilized after he was given birth. The cycle of one’s life is a brief cruise and so events that are tantamount to the growth and maturity of a person should be remembered. The experiences one will be able to see is something that should be treasured because from there, a person may evolve to someone who he is ought to be. From the time of my birth, I have already been associated with different scenarios that involve my sensory and locomotion.For instance, I can feel and I know that it is time for me to eat my meal or drink my milk when I can sense that my stomach is crumbling. With this, my sensory skills are being put in to test and see if it will mature on the time it is designated to be. Accordingly, my locomotion skills are also honed at this early period. At two years old or even earlier, I learned how to cra wl, walk and run. These skills are constantly practiced everyday and sooner, I perfected it all and was allowed to be alone.Additionally, throughout my infancy years, I learned how to calculate every step that I make so that I will not hurt my self in the long run. With the help of my parents and other people around me that time, I began to slowly learn how to understand some of the little things that I know and show to them that I am gradually becoming independent from all their help. My emotions then are also satisfied and used as indicators of whatever I am feeling. When I cry, my mother would always be in a rush to give me food only to find out that I have spoiled my diapers.That is when I get to practice my emotional skills and make them better as time goes on. After being cradled for very long by different people and bring them trouble at first, I then began to be a little ease to them because of my ability to walk without the assistance of any body. And as part of growing up, I began to scratch my knee, my head and all other parts of my body because of my carelessness but of course, my parents does not blame me for this because they know I am just learning to do things on my own and I am prone to such wounds.Also, at two years, I have already learned to utter words which for my parents are their most ecstatic time. This is the first time that they heard me call them â€Å"mom† and â€Å"dad† and my simple words made them very happy because they know that in a short time, I will begin to ask them questions, to tell me stories and interrogate them after they have arrived from work. I guess hearing your son or daughter speak for the very first time is one of the most high time for a parent. Of course babies do not have the ability to speak clearly but at least, I am able to utter a nearly-sounding word in addressing my parents.This is also the same time that my parents have decided to enroll me to a preparatory school so that I could learn ab out things on the earliest days of my life. From there, I began to conceptualize about my own fantasy world. And at the same time make friends out of my own. I practiced independence from the time I entered school and little by little I came to polish my language and some of the talents which I haven’t discovered yet. After my preparatory school, I entered the formal school at age five.From then on, I already had the knowledge to identify my difference with the boys in the class and my similarities with the other girls in our class. During this time, I came to love Barbie and hate guns as toys. I realized that guns are not for me but for the boys. My clothes then mostly are patterned after that of Barbie and pants are my best enemy. Also during this time, I learned how to act for my gender and age. I began to identify which are the things that I should and should not do so that when Christmas time comes, I will be receiving a gift from Santa Claus. My group of friends started to build up this time.The peers I have are usually girls so that I could have someone to play Barbie with. The idea of entertaining boys into our circle did not cross our minds then and we consider them as our ultimate opponent in any kind of game there is known to us. On to middle childhood, I have already established a strong bond of friendship to other people. This time, I am open to having the opposite sex as my friends and that they are just the same as the girls are. I already have a deep sense of belongingness to the circle of friends I have had and that it is them who I turn to every time I am in a great trouble.At the onset of this stage, I was able to fully embrace the idea of having talents and other capabilities apart from those that are taught in school. At this point in time, I also began to rate my self depending on how I perceive it and the way I look in front of the mirror. This time, I am fully conscious of what clothes I wear, the style of my hair and the way I c arry my bag. Since then, I also tried to scrutinize my self in almost all aspects, this is also the time when I began to comparing the whole me to the other girls who are surrounding me.Subsequently, since I feel that I am mature enough to handle on things, I began to consider working with other as a team and play as the leader so I could exercise my power above them. This is the same time where I began to acknowledge the fact that there is always no ‘I’ in the word ‘team’. Since I have reached the ripe age of 18, my parents and other people surrounding me have this perception that I am already a mature person and so, I was allowed to take things on my own hand and whatever consequence it may bring me, I will have to answer it all.There is no need for me to seek the approval of my parents regarding the clothes I will wear and the kind of friends I will be joining with. The most important thing for me that time is my college degree and my future after finish ing secondary school. Also, during this time I was able to experience different sexual relationships with the opposite gender. This is a significant leap in my formative years because with that, I am able to understand what older people have always been telling me.At first I am reluctant to commit myself to such relationship due to the possibility that my parents would disapprove of the man and my other concern then was, the man’s intention of me and whether or not he will eventually break my heart. Emotions during this time are on a high because of the different kinds of phenomena that have transpired in my life. But these emotions, especially hatred, are kept with in my self because I am afraid that others will mock me for that. After graduating from college, I have formally gain independence from my parents and with that; I have to work so I could earn money for my own consumption.This independence entails a bigger responsibility for me to do and I was challenged with its every bit. Upon learning such, I even became more excited to go out in to the world and try my luck in securing my self financially. And of course, I have clearly and sternly identified my gender and how I should be acting to show the world who I really am. Coming from several relationships, I have fully established the way people should see me and I should continue to hone that in case there will be time when I am again confused of my gender identity.Another clear point that I have conceptualized that time is the path that I will take to become the person I want to be. This is the same time I have laid plans on which career I should be little by little achieving. I have programmed my self then that I am to become a writer. This is the only thing that I love to do and from that, I have long been dreaming to be known around the world as a wonderful writer. At this time I am still enjoying the kind of relationship I have with the opposite sex. More than the signature bags, dating boys after boys made me very happy.This went on until I finally realized that at one point, I should be looking forward to settling with somebody who I know will take good care of me and will provide for me when we decide to live on our own. For a short span of time, the thought on being a magnate consumed me but this same idea flew away from my head as fast it entered. At the onset of my late 20’s and early 30’s life was wonderful. It was that time when I had an intimate relationship and was able to bear a child for my own. This is also the same time when I began to build a family of my own together with the man I have truly loved for all these years.The happiness that I felt when I learned that I am to bear my first child is wonderful, I am almost speechless. Many thoughts lingered in to my mind and then came my fear on how to raise the child the way that my parents did with me. I should be responsible enough to handle all the things that my child needs to be able to gro w up so well. My lifestyle has also changed after I got married. Many twists and turns happen especially during the early stages of my married life because my partner and I have to adjust on things and be considerate with the feelings of each other.From the happy-go-lucky gal that I am, I became refined and more bound to go home straight after a tiring day at work. I would rather burn my hand while cooking dinner for my husband than to party all night and end being hooked with someone who I really do not want at all. Work then is not the kind I have dreamt of earlier, my work involves so much of my physical capability as well as the mental. I do not have the luxury to choose whatever work I want then because I know I have to help my husband to earn and save for our coming family.It was like being carried by a strong wind in to a new place because there is no recourse, I believe, when I have promised my self to a man who dreams of nothing but good fortune for me and the family. This is the time when I have the most exciting and at the same time nerve-wracking experiences because of the fact that soon, I will have to build a family and raise children to become better persons and the future of the nation. Despite the age, I have managed to rekindle the intimacy that my partner and I have experienced a few years back.There are times when I still date my husband and be left alone by our children. We take advantage of this time and make the best out of it. The feeling that we both have felt in our younger years was revived and the intimacy we subject our selves then are repeating despite the difference in physical features. Also, I tend to be more attached to my work and hold on to it until I am satisfied with the kind of results and performance I deliver. Even if there are times when I feel aches in my body, I still decide to report for work so that I can supervise the works that my subordinates render.This way I also became more hands-on to the work that I have an d not depend on the extent of my worker’s capability to do the job for me. I also try to become more attracted to work more than ever because the same work gives me a kind of superiority above my husband since I am earning money from my own hard work and this same money I use to finance the needs of the family whenever he is not around. Accordingly, I keep my self busy in fulfilling my role as a house maker to give my family a better place to live in and the environment are always conducive for their holistic growth.I make it a point that what my family receive is the best for them and that I should not settle them to second rate meals and house to live at. According to studies, life begins at 50 and with me, it is real. Life took its 360 degree turn when I reached the age and with that I saw things on a different perspective, color and understanding. Since then I began to prepare myself that sooner our little house will also be an empty nest just like the way it is for my pa rents when I decided to marry the man I ought to live forever with.On the later part of my life, I have managed to overcome the idea of caring for the relationship that I have established in the entire course of my longevity in this world. Then again, I also handled the kind of intimacy that my husband and I have long before felt which made us decide to start on building our own family. On the onset of my late adulthood life, I tend to become more fragile. I sometimes become a burden to my family for the time they have to take care of me every time I am sick. At this point, I also stopped working due to its complexities.My family has commissioned someone to look after me everyday and help me take my medicines to prolong my life. Also, I began to accept that life for me is almost over and I am in the twilight zone of my life. Since I am spending most of my time at home with my grandchildren, I have perfected a new role in their eyes. I soon became their guarding light and source of i nspiration. And it is also from them whom I draw courage and strength to proceed with life and accept the every day challenges that it has in store for me.Also with that, I became more accustomed to being the fountain of knowledge in the perspective of my grandchildren as they try to test my mental and intellectual ability by asking me certain things about life and all other things there is that they would want to know about. Because of my old age, at night I tend to surrender my self to God and ask Him to prepare me for the upcoming battles that I have to take. My prayer also comes with the intention of asking Him to make my self an epitome of someone who will have eternal peace in His arms when the time comes that He has to take me out of this world.All things that I need to surrender to God are all ready and that I am just waiting for His call to pick me up and give me the final rest that I have longed been waiting for. It is during this time when I ask Him to give me the courage to let go of everything that I have in possession including the family that I have built. This part of my life is devoted in intensifying the knowledge and memories that my family especially my grandchildren so that they would remember me even if I am not already with them.For my part, I know that I have imbibed to them the different learning I have acquired during my developmental years which made me a better person. It will also be during this time when I have to secure all the things I have so that I can show the family I will be leaving behind that I love them so much and with that, I did everything to provide them with all the possible material things available for human kind. Aging has come to its fullest. At the very brittle age of 75, there is no way for me to work, manage a career or ever revive a dead intimate relationship.With that comes the recognition of the physical changes that is attributable to my aging. White hairs and brittle bones have consumed me and I should b e ready to receive my eternal rest anytime soon. This is also the same time that I experience looking back on all the things that had happened throughout my life and compare it with the generation that the world has currently produced. The simplicity of life then would be incomparable to the complexities of today but the learning that I have acquired then is definitely one of the most treasured knowledge that I have.I always tend to look back on the things that make living then a happy and at the same time progressive life. Despite all the adversaries, I was able to come up with a different kind of perception to other people. I feel that I was able to leave a mark on their lives and this mark will forever be etched in to their minds that will not make them forget me. Life at that age does not need to be complicated and hard; instead it should be as memorable as possible so that memories will be stored in the minds of those who will be left behind. Life is beautiful and it is more be autiful if there are persons who make living each day worthwhile.

Change and Culture Case Study Essay

In tough economic times, companies are looking for ways to continue to provide services and products to the public without compromising quality and efficiency. When it comes to smaller businesses, or businesses that provide the same product or service, it is often wise to merge the companies together to form a stronger, more stable structure. This will take place when Frithsen Physical Therapy merges with Select Physical Therapy. Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation that provides physical therapy as well as aquatic therapy, occupational therapy, athletic training outreach and long-term care services. For the past decade Frithsen Physical Therapy has seen Select Physical Therapy as a fierce competitor that provides less than quality care to its patients. Frithsen Physical Therapy has been well known in the community for providing care in a professional and personal way. Many employees are afraid that merging with a large corporation will change the way they work, causing the quality of patient care to decrease. Middle managers will become essential before, during, and after the merge to ensure that every employee from each company understands the vision for the new corporation and is willing to compromise to make it a reality. The combining of two companies is no easy task and will change the shape and culture of both companies, until a new one is born. Processes such as communication, hiring, patient care and record keeping will change to accommodate the growing corporation, in hopes it will become more effective than either company was on its own. Merging two companies is a delicate procedure, requiring compromise and patience. Each company has built a certain culture over its existence, and each one believes that their culture is best. In reality, each company has certain services or tasks that they perform better than the other. In the instance of Select Physical Therapy merging with Frithsen Physical Therapy, the culture of the new, combined company will be similar to the cultures put in place by each company separately. However, it is important to create a new culture, differing from the previous ones, to promote a sense of teamwork and camaraderie. If this step does not occur, everyone will continue to work in his or her own culture, which becomes divisive, causing the company to be pulled in different directions (Sherrill, 2001). In the first phases of combining the companies, the culture may be fragmented, with each company holding on to what they know. Many of the employees will be wary of the changes occurring around them on a daily basis and may resist certain adjustments (Stanwick, 2000). A new atmosphere of open-mindedness and compromise needs to emerge for the blended company to be successful. When two companies are combined, there are bound to be differences of opinions between practitioners and administrators regarding polices and procedures. It is important to understand that each company brings something valuable to the table, and all ideas and opinions should be considered and discussed Avoiding a competitive stance will help employees from both sides see the positives of blending ideals and values, and ultimately encourage the birth of a stronger, more successful new culture (Stanwick, 2000). To successfully combine two companies involves cooperation from all levels of management. As a middle manager in a merging corporation, there are different strategies and skills that will be necessary to ensure a smooth transition. The most important strategy will be communication. Before the merger occurs, it is important for middle managers to understand the new beliefs and values that upper management desires (Bolton & Lewis, 1998). Once middle managers understand the vision for the new company, they must pass it down to their employees. It is not enough to simply communicate the new vision; middle managers must begin practicing these changes immediately. Leading by example is the most effective way to produce results. The middle managers in most companies are more approachable than top management; therefore it is imperative that middle managers are on board with the new vision of the company and display this in a positive way. While the merger is occurring it is essential to build a team atmosphere, full of open communication, honesty, and teamwork. Each employee from both companies should feel as though their positions is important, and their cooperation is essential to the success of the forming company. Once the merger is complete, it is all about the new culture, staying visible, approachable, and communicating information early and often (Bolton & Lewis, 1998). Aside from ensuring employees are blending well, it is important to focus on patient care. There will be changes implemented at every phase of the merger, but it is important not let misunderstandings, or issues within the staff affect the quality of care given to the patients. Once the merger has been finalized and integration is complete, middle managers need to assess their staff to be sure that each employee is doing his or her part to make the merge as successful as possible. If there are employees who are resisting the changes being made within the company, or not buying into the new culture and vision, it is necessary to evaluate the situation and decide what is best for the team and the company as a whole. Middle managers must not forget to consider the employees feelings when situation such as this arise. Often times, employees resist mergers because their identities are closely tied to their jobs, and they like to experience continuity of their identities. Giessner (as cited by Sidle, 2006) noted that mergers would challenge this continuity, leading to distress and anxiety from employees. When middle management can understand the feelings of their employees, they can be better equipped to handle issues that may arise by allaying fears or implementing strategies to make employees comfortable with their new roles. Even if all employees from both companies are comfortable with the combining of their two organizations, upper management has the daunting task of reworking its current systems and procedures to include the best strategies from each company. In the case of Frithsen Physical Therapy and Select Physical Therapy, the former’s employees will see the most changes. Frithsen Physical Therapy is a small corporation, covering New England, while Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation, encompassing more services and a variety of clinicians. Along with physical therapy services Select Physical Therapy offers occupational therapy, aquatic therapy, long-term care facilities, and a large athletic training outreach program. This will require managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy to be in charge of more people, and perhaps different clinicians than they are accustomed to working with. The shape and systems currently used in the company will have to shift in order to fit a larger scale of business and a more complicated hierarchy. The regional managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy reported directly to the President of the company, whereas the regional managers of Select Physical Therapy report to one of ten executive managers, who then report to the CEO of the company. The clinic managers of Frithsen Physical Therapy were able to see all of the employees they supervise on a daily basis, working side by side. With the inclusion of the vast athletic training program, they will now be responsible for knowing which athletic trainers report to their clinics, and what schools they are assigned to. There will also be a manager of athletic training services that they will need to communicate with about referrals and business relating to the relationship between the schools covered and the clinics in the area. Due to this more intricate hierarchy, the employees of Frithsen Physical Therapy will see a dramatic change in how they communicate with upper management. Under their old organization, there was a relatively straight path to the top, with only a few levels of management until they reached the President. Communication could be done easily by telephone or in person, and most employees had met each other face to face at one time or another. In the new organization, there will be a need for a more formal kind of communication. In organizations communication tends to be directional, moving upward, downward, diagonal or lateral (Leibler & McConnell, 2008). Frithsen Physical Therapy was used to mostly lateral communication, discussing issues with other managers or sharing notes about a particular patient’s care. With the merger, the managers and employees will mostly be communicating upward, providing detailed reports to their supervisors, who will then provide reports to a higher supervisor, and so on. This will require attention to detail and more paperwork for the managers at every level, which will change the way the managers handle issues that arise within their department. With the inclusion of new services and a goal for comprehensive care, comes the call for new positions and alterations to old ones. A need for more middle management will arise, and more staff will be added to accommodate the growth of services while still maintaining exceptional patient care. In conclusion, there are many factors to consider when combining two organizations. It may make sense financially and logically to combine two entities that provide similar services. However, it is important to understand that not only will it be difficult to combine two cultures; it will also take time for employees to adjust to a new chain of command and new policies and procedures. Middle managers will play an important role in the blending of two corporations. They need to remain positive, lead by example, and possibly sever ties with employees who do not fall into line with new visions and ideas. An increase in communication will help make the transition successful, and ultimately all employees will reap the benefits from such a merger. References Bolton, J.M., & Lewis, B. (1998, Jan/Feb). The challenge of merging and consolidating organizations. Journal of Management in Engineering, 14(1), 9-10. Academic Search Complete. Leibler, J.G., & McConnell, C.R. (2008). Management principles for health professionals (5th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Sherrill, T. (2001, May). Creating a can-do culture. New Zealand Management, 48(4), 17-21. MasterFILE Premier. Sidle, S.D. (2006, August). Resisting the urge to merge. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(3), 115-118. Business Source Complete. Stanwick, P.A. (2000, Jan/Feb). How to successfully merge two corporate cultures. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 11(2), 7-11. Business Source Complete.

Women’s Rights in the 1930s in the United States

Women’s Rights in the 1930s in the United States In the 1930s, women’s equality was not as flashy an issue as in some previous and subsequent decades. But the decade did see slow and steady progress, even as new challenges- especially economic and cultural- could be seen as reversing the advances made in the first three decades of the 20th century. Context: Women in 1900–1929 Women in the first decades of the 20th century saw increased opportunity and public presence, including a strong role in union organizing; increasing availability of contraceptive information; winning voting rights; clothing styles and lifestyles that were more comfortable and less restrictive; and greater sexual freedom.  During World War I, many women who had been stay-at-home mothers and wives entered the work force. African American women were part of the cultural flowering of the Harlem Renaissance that followed World War II in some urban black communities, and were also fighting for more rights and beginning a long fight against lynching. Women activists agitated for more than the vote, which was finally won in 1920, but also for workplace fairness, minimum wages, and the abolition of child labor. 1930s- The Great Depression Minnesota Historical Society/Getty Images With the 1929 market crash and the onset of the Great Depression, the 1930s were quite different for women.  With fewer jobs available, employers generally preferred to give them to men, in the name of mens traditional role as family breadwinners. Fewer women were able to find jobs. The culture pendulum swung away from more freedom for women to portraying the domestic role as the proper and fulfilling role for women. At the same time as the economy lost jobs, some technologies like radio and telephones allowed for expanding job opportunities for women.  Because women were paid considerably less than men, often justified by the aforementioned male breadwinner role, these industries hired mostly women for many of the new jobs.  The growing film industry included many female stars, although many of the films seemed aimed at selling the idea of women’s place in the home. The new phenomenon of the airplane drew some elite women to become pilots trying to set records. Amelia Earhart’s career spanned the late 1920s through 1937 when she and her navigator were lost over the Pacific. Ruth Nichols, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, and Beryl Markham are among the women who earned honors for their aviation skills. The New Deal When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1932, he brought to the White House a different kind of first lady in Eleanor Roosevelt.  She took a more active role in the role than previous first ladies because of her assertive, capable, and active personality- she had been active as a settlement house worker before her marriage- but also because she needed to provide extra help for her husband, because of the limiting effects of his polio.  So Eleanor was a very visible part of the administration, and the circle of women around her became more important than they might have been with a different president and first lady. Under Presidents Roosevelts influence, a 1938 key women’s rights and labor rights decision by the Supreme Court, West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, found that minimum wage legislation was constitutional. Women in Government and the Workplace Arrival of American Mission in Rotterdam on board SS Noordam for the Peace Congress at the Hague. Jane Adams is in the center. Bettmann/Getty Images   Women’s work for women’s rights in the 1930s was less dramatic and widespread than in the earlier suffrage battles or the later so-called second-wave feminism of the 1960s and 1970s.  Still, some very prominent women effected big changes through government organizations. Florence Kelley, active in the first three decades of the century, was a mentor to many of the women who were activists in the 1930s.  She died in 1932.Frances Perkins became the first woman cabinet official, when she was appointed to be Secretary of Labor by Franklin D. Roosevelt in his first year in office. She served until 1945.  Called The Woman Behind the New Deal,  she was a major force behind the creation of the social safety net that included unemployment insurance, minimum wage laws, and the Social Security system.Molly Dewson worked with refugees during World War I and then went to work to gain minimum wage laws for women and children and to limit working hours for women and children to a 48 hour week.  She was an advocate for women working in the Democratic Party and became an ambassador for the New Deal.  Jane Addams continued her Hull House project in the thirties, which was serving the poor and immigrant population in Chicago.  Other settlement houses, which were often led by women, also helped provide necessary social services in the Depression.   Grace Abbott, who had been head of the Children’s Bureau in the 1920s, taught at the University of Chicago’s School of Social Service Administration in the 1930s. Her sister Edith Abbot was there as dean.  She was a U.S. delegate to the International Labor Organization in 1935 and 1937.Mary McLeod Bethune had served on presidential commissions under Coolidge and Hoover, but in Roosevelt’s administration, had a larger role. She often spoke alongside Eleanor Roosevelt, who became a friend, and she was part of FDR’s â€Å"kitchen cabinet,† advising him on matters involving African Americans. She helped establish the Federal Committee on Fair Employment Practice which worked to end exclusion and wage discrimination for African Americans in the defense industry. From 1936 to 1944 she headed the Division of Negro Affairs within the National Youth Administration.  She also helped bring together several black women’s organizations into the Nation al Council of Negro Women, which she served as president from 1935 to 1949.